So. Whither women now? Mary Harrington at UnHerd proposes a four-chapter story of women in the last couple of centuries, because now "The sexual revolution has killed feminism."
Chapter One is women on the farm at the beginning of the 19th century.
The typical American matron was a disciplined, skilled, devout individual who worked alongside her husband in a productive household... The patriarchal legal system of ‘coverture’, which subsumed her legal personhood and property into that of her husband, rendered her technically a subordinate class of citizen. It also served to shield her from market pressures.
Chapter Two is women in the industrial city.
In the new private household, the bourgeois woman was more economically dependent than her agrarian grandmother. Her main activities were the education of children, the management of servants and the consumption of goods produced elsewhere. She may have been more materially comfortable. But this woman had in many respects less agency than her foremothers.
But was this new situation a shelter from the competitive frenzy in the industrial city or a monstrous and patriarchal injustice? Enter the first stage of feminism demanding equal property rights and right to vote.
Chapter Three is post World War II.
Labour-saving devices and booming consumerism have shifted society once again... And for bourgeois twentieth-century housewives, labour-saving devices combined with an increasingly atomised, individualistic social world to trigger a renewed search for agency, this time within the workplace.
Chapter Four is the Sexual Revolution, that imposed "a liberal male-centric understanding of what a person is: a radically separate individual... [and imposed] the right of atomised individuals to exert absolute mastery over their bodies."
For women to be human on this model, we must have total ownership over all these aspects of our bodies that differ from those of males. Even a conflict between total autonomy and an unborn human life must be resolved for autonomy.
But, she says, "It’s a worldview that believes human freedom necessitates radical unmooring from the givens of our bodies."
So now what? Back to the Future.
What we need to face this challenge is not more freedom. It’s more and better obligations...
To respond, first and foremost we must stop treating the question of family as a women’s issue. It’s a human one. And we need to accept that men and women are equal in dignity and personhood but different in physiology.
Well, yes. And also different in psychology. In that men are fighters and women are nurturers; that men must go out and provide while women are dealing with the disability of childbearing and the dependent years of children. And the need for children to grow up with a mother and a father, their mother and their father.
And so on.
Which means that all the conceits and the fantasies of the last century or so are heading for the wood-chipper. Item One would be that there is no such thing as "The Independent Woman" of Simone de Beauvoir. Or, for that matter the free-ranging male taking his pleasures where he may.
Because underneath all the sound and fury of patriarchs and freedom from unwanted pregnancy and oppressive sexual mores there is the simple fact of human existence. Like all living things, the only really important thing is to have children and grow them to maturity.
Everything else is just fantasy.
And, by the way, there are also the tens of millions of women who are not in the educated gentry class and whose lives have been wrecked by the fashions and the fads of gentry women and gentry men.
But that is another story.